DAFTAR ISI

Menyiapkan alat dan bahan.
Merangkai komponen pada breadboard sesuai dengan gambar rangkaian percobaan.
Menghubungkan masing masing pin input output.
Mengunggah program menggunakan ST-LINK ke mikrokontroler.
Jalankan Rangkaian

2. Hardware dan Diagram Blok [Kembali]

Hardware

STM32F103C8T6
HeartBeat Sensor
Push Button
LED
Buzzer
Resistor
Breadboard

3. Rangkaian Simulasi dan Prinsip Kerja [Kembali]

Rangkaian simulasi

Prinsip Kerja

Sistem indikator detak jantung ini beroperasi dengan mengonversi fluktuasi aliran darah pada jari menjadi sinyal tegangan analog melalui sensor HB1. Sinyal tersebut kemudian diterima oleh unit ADC pada mikrokontroler STM32 untuk diproses lebih lanjut, di mana potensiometer RV2 berfungsi sebagai pengatur ambang batas sensitivitas guna meminimalisir gangguan noise. Melalui algoritma pemrosesan sinyal, STM32 mengidentifikasi puncak gelombang untuk menghitung nilai Beats Per Minute (BPM), yang hasilnya direpresentasikan secara real-time melalui aktivasi LED berwarna dan peringatan audio via buzzer.

4. Flowchart dan Listing Program [Kembali]

Flowchart

listing program :


#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"

/* ================= HANDLE ================= */
ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc1;

/* ================= VARIABLE ================= */
uint32_t adcValue = 0;
uint32_t filteredValue = 0;

uint8_t beatDetected = 0;
uint32_t BPM = 0;

uint32_t lastBeatTime = 0;
uint32_t interval = 0;

uint8_t buzzerOff = 0;

/* ================= FILTER ================= */
#define FILTER_SIZE 10
uint16_t buffer[FILTER_SIZE];
uint8_t indexBuf = 0;

uint16_t moving_average(uint16_t val)
{
    buffer[indexBuf++] = val;
    if(indexBuf >= FILTER_SIZE) indexBuf = 0;

    uint32_t sum = 0;
    for(int i=0;i<FILTER_SIZE;i++) sum += buffer[i];

    return sum / FILTER_SIZE;
}

/* ================= LED ================= */
void LED_Hijau() {
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_10, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

}

void LED_Kuning() {
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_10, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}

void LED_Merah() {
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_10, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}

void LED_Mati() {
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0 | GPIO_PIN_1 | GPIO_PIN_10, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}

/* ================= BUZZER ================= */
void Buzzer_On()  { HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_11, GPIO_PIN_SET); }
void Buzzer_Off() { HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_11, GPIO_PIN_RESET); }

/* ================= INTERRUPT ================= */
void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
    if(GPIO_Pin == GPIO_PIN_1) // PA1
    {
        buzzerOff = !buzzerOff;
    }
}

/* ================= PROTOTYPE ================= */
void SystemClock_Config(void);
void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
void MX_ADC1_Init(void);

/* ================= MAIN ================= */
int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  SystemClock_Config();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_ADC1_Init();

  uint32_t baseline = 0;

  while (1)
  {
    /* ==== BACA ADC ==== */
    HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);
    HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, 10);
    adcValue = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);

    /* ==== FILTER ==== */
    filteredValue = moving_average(adcValue);

    /* ==== BASELINE (ADAPTIF) ==== */
    baseline = (baseline * 9 + filteredValue) / 10;
    uint32_t threshold = baseline + 50;

    /* ==== DETEKSI DETAK + INTERVAL ==== */
    if(filteredValue > threshold && beatDetected == 0)
    {
        beatDetected = 1;

        uint32_t now = HAL_GetTick();

        if(lastBeatTime != 0)
        {
            interval = now - lastBeatTime;

                BPM = 60000 / interval;

        }

        lastBeatTime = now;
    }

    if(filteredValue < threshold)
    {
        beatDetected = 0;
    }

    /* ==== TIMEOUT (TIDAK ADA DETAK) ==== */
    if(HAL_GetTick() - lastBeatTime > 2000)
    {
        BPM = 0;
    }

    /* ==== OUTPUT ==== */
    if(BPM > 0)
    {
        if(BPM >30 && BPM < 60)
        {
            LED_Kuning();
            Buzzer_Off();
            buzzerOff = 0;
        }
        else if(BPM <= 80)
        {
            LED_Hijau();
            Buzzer_Off();
            buzzerOff = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            LED_Merah();
            if(!buzzerOff)
                Buzzer_On();
            else
                Buzzer_Off();
        }
    }
    else
    {
        LED_Mati();
        Buzzer_Off();
    }

    HAL_Delay(5);
  }
}

/* ================= CLOCK ================= */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct);

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|
                                RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|
                                RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|
                                RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0);
}

/* ================= ADC ================= */
void MX_ADC1_Init(void)
{
  ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};

  __HAL_RCC_ADC1_CLK_ENABLE();

  hadc1.Instance = ADC1;
  hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_DISABLE;
  hadc1.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
  hadc1.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
  hadc1.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;

  HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc1);

  sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_0;
  sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
  sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_71CYCLES_5;

  HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig);
}

/* ================= GPIO ================= */
void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* PA0 = ADC */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /* PA1 = BUTTON */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_1;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_IT_FALLING;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(EXTI1_IRQn, 0, 0);
  HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(EXTI1_IRQn);

  /* LED + BUZZER */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0 | GPIO_PIN_1 | GPIO_PIN_10 | GPIO_PIN_11;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0 | GPIO_PIN_1 | GPIO_PIN_10 | GPIO_PIN_11, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
}

5. Video Demo [Kembali]

6. Kondisi [Kembali]

Percobaan 3 Kondisi 3

Buatlah rangkaian seperti pada gambar percobaan 3 dengan kondisi ketika Infrared sensor tidak mendeteksi benda dan sensor Touch mendeteksi sentuhan, maka LED akan menyala

7. Analisa [Kembali]